Mortality Of Tribolium Castaneum Study

Used with permission of the USDA

TABLE 5. Time (hours) required to obtain 100% mortality of all life stages of Tribolium castaneum when exposed to four CO2 concentrations at 32, 38 and 43 degrees C.

          Carbon Dioxide Percentage**
            63%   77%   90%   99%
Eggs
   32°C     40    40    40    24
   38°C     24    24    24    16
   43°C     16+   16    16     2

Larvae
   32°C     24+   24+   24+   24
   38°C     48+   48+   24+    6
   43°C     48    48    16     6

Pupae
   32°C     48    48    48    48
   38°C     48    48    48     6
   43°C     48    48    16     4

Adults
   32°C     24+   24+   16    16
   38°C     48    16     6     6
   43°C     24    16     6     1

Data for eggs are based on PRE from three replicates containing 75 eggs each; data from the other stages are from mortality in three replicates each containing 30 insects for each stage.
+ indicates that 100% mortality was not obtained in this period.
** indicates balance of concentration is air.